歷史的書寫：羊皮紙上的暴力刮痕

昨晚去聽了一場學術講座，講者是Stanford University的Ronald Egan教授，主題是他對宋代女詞人李清照的歷史形象塑造的研究發現。其中最引起我的注意的是明清等後代許多學者為了將李清照塑造成他們心目中符合一切標準的淑德形象而對她進行的“重塑”，甚至包括極力否定她曾經再婚，並將這點視為對偉大女詞人的誹謗：

As Egan shows, the investment of readers and critics alike in maintaining certain views of Li resulted, at its most innocent, in bewilderingly varied connections proposed between poem and life. More soberingly, features of Li’s life that did not conform to convention were suppressed or distorted. An important example is her remarriage at age 49. This act, thought inexplicable, brought her scorn in her lifetime and was explained away in following centuries as slander.

(Quoted from: http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/books/the-burden-of-female-talent-the-poet-li-qingzhao-and-her-history-in-china-by-ronald-c-egan/2011340.article)

一個寡婦的再婚，就因為不符合評論者所屬時代的“道德規範”而被強行從歷史的羊皮紙上刮去， 這不是暴力， 是什麼？主張這項暴力運動的文學史作者對李清照的書寫貌似“保護”（維護她夫婿死後仍守身如玉、忠貞如初），卻實為更大的傷害與偏見。才女就不能夠活得真實和有血肉嗎？才女二度婚嫁不順遂，結果對簿公堂的細更是大逆， 一定要刪除！！！

覺得那一堆死腦筋的學者還真是荒謬，正是他們心癢手癢， 一張本已斑駁的羊皮紙才頻添刮痕，傷痕累累……文學史不是談文學， 以作品的好壞為功過的判斷嗎？

噢， 真的有這樣的事，我好無言。